Infosys’s stock carried an issue
price of only Rs 95 per share soon after it had been listed in 1993. Driven by
sound corporate governance practices and large deals, the Bangalore-based
startup has evolved into an IT major as we know today. The company’s stock has
since increased several fold over the last 26 years. An investment of Rs 10,000
in Infosys shares back in 1993 would be worth more than Rs 2 crore today!
If investment in equities brings
such cool returns, why are average investors often hesitant to try their luck
in the stock market? Investors assume that the sentiments driving institutional
equities are largely unpredictable. Stock prices, they feel, sometimes turn
out to be really good and at other times awfully bad. Again, for a lot of investors,
equity is a relatively unfamiliar financial instrument and the one that seems
to be loaded with risks.
It’s true that a stock’s past
performance is not an indicator of future results. However, fundamental
analysis of stocks by equity firms
in India has evolved significantly over the years. Moreover, contemporary
stock market research is backed by technical analysis software, and this is capable
of generating various outputs like 5-day to 200-day moving average stock
prices, Fibonacci retracement levels, candle stick charts and more. Therefore,
it is certainly possible to identify companies that can deliver superior
investment returns on a continuous basis.
While there is no sure-shot method
to foretell which way institutional
equities are likely to move in the future, there are some points to
keep in mind while investing in them. Investors have made significant profits from
investments in Sun Pharmaceutical, HCL Technologies, Wipro, and TCS, apart from
Infosys. But as they say, "It's easy to know the right thing to do after
something has happened.” The “right investment decision” is not always a
conscious decision; it is a combination of predictive math and gut feeling. Also,
for every success story, there are a good number of stocks that have failed
investors in the long run. Investors rarely make all their money from a single
stock, and this is contrary to what social media would have us believe!
There are multiple factors
influencing stock movements like the demand for product or service and how
accessible it is for the end user. For instance, in a fragmented mobile
landscape, is a certain app accessible to consumers across devices, operating
systems, and geographic locations? How easy is it for competition to replicate a
product or service? Or, are there healthy barriers to entry around the product
or service to keep out the competition? These include proprietary technology, continuous
innovation, high investment, and strong channel partners. How intense is the
competition? Is there a price war? Or have prices in the market stabilized more
or less? These are just some of the questions to ask. Above all, it is
important to consider the brand’s visibility and online reputation.
A startup may have a great idea but
it takes the right kind of management to get this off the ground. Hence, the expertise
of the leadership team, dedicated category-wise sales teams, and employee satisfaction
and turnover are some elements to weigh in while picking a stock. Screening for
positive cash flows is a common method that analysts employ to get a measure of
a company’s worth. The company’s plans for capacity expansion, increased
coverage in tier-2 and tier-3 cities, and average revenue per consumer/unit are
other factors to consider.
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